Egg prices are expected to rise significantly, increasing by 20% in 2025, compared to a 2.2% rise in general food prices, according to the US Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) price outlook. Other groceries like beef, coffee, and orange juice are also seeing price hikes.
Egg wholesalers have drastically increased prices in recent months. In New York, the wholesale price of a dozen large eggs reached $7.24, while in the Midwest, it hit $6.84. California saw a slight decline, with prices falling to $8.35 per dozen. These wholesale prices are driving up retail costs, forcing grocers to hold prices at record or near-record levels.
But why?
The resurgence of avian flu is devastating the poultry industry.
In November and December 2024, the virus killed approximately 17.2 million egg-laying hens, nearly half of all birds affected by the disease that year. States like California, Indiana, and Missouri have reported fresh outbreaks, highlighting the persistent threat. These losses are compounding the already strained egg supply, driving prices higher.
The holiday season has also contributed to rising egg prices, with increased demand for baking and cooking. This heightened demand has led some grocery stores to limit the number of eggs shoppers can buy in a single trip. The USDA noted that these limits aim to stretch supplies, as consumers often panic-buy when prices surge.
8.3 Million Birds Lost in January 2025
Avian flu outbreaks have continued into 2025, killing 8.3 million birds in January alone, according to the USDA. The disease has spread across major egg-producing states, including North Carolina and Ohio, further reducing the population of egg-laying hens and young birds needed to replenish the supply. Despite the price increases, eggs remain indispensable in many households. “People recognize the value in eggs, even with a slightly elevated price,” Metz said. She noted that eggs’ versatility and nutritional value make them a daily staple for many families, even amid record-high costs.
Impact on Grocers and Consumers
Grocers are struggling with the rising costs of eggs, as wholesale prices remain elevated. The USDA reported that outbreaks on farms have hurt the population of egg-laying hens and young birds, making it difficult to offset losses. For consumers, this means continued high prices as the avian flu persists, leaving little hope for relief in the near term.
Authority’s view
Mily Metz, the president and CEO of the American Egg Board, provided insights into the situation. She emphasized that the tight egg supply is expected to continue due to ongoing avian flu outbreaks. Metz also highlighted the sustained record-high demand for eggs over the past 20 months and noted that consumers still recognize the value of eggs despite elevated prices. Her remarks underline the industry’s challenges and the persistence of high prices.
The Road Ahead
High Prices for the Foreseeable Future
Until avian flu outbreaks are brought under control, the US egg industry will face ongoing challenges. With millions of birds lost and demand remaining strong, prices are unlikely to drop significantly anytime soon. For now, both consumers and grocers must adapt to record-high egg prices that show no signs of easing
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